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By 1778, the spelling had shifted to Oregon. The term referred to the then-mythical River of the West (the Columbia River). It is possible that the American territory was named by the Spaniards, as there is a stream in Spain called the "Arroyo del Oregón" (which is located in the province of Ciudad Real) it is also possible that the "j" in the Spanish phrase "El Orejón" was later corrupted into a "g", and in context might refer to the 'earful' of the massive Columbia River at its mouth.Īnother early use of the name, spelled Ouragon, was by Major Robert Rogers in a 1765 petition to the Kingdom of Great Britain. There are also two other sources with Spanish origins, such as the word oregano, referring to a plant that grows in the southern part of the region. This chronicle is the first topographical and linguistic source with respect to the place name Oregon. The term "orejón" (meaning "big ear") comes from the historical chronicle Relación de la Alta y Baja California (1598), written by Rodrigo Montezuma of New Spain it made reference to the Columbia River when the Spanish explorers penetrated into the North American territory that became part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. The earliest evidence of the name Oregon has Spanish origins. Oregon border welcome sign at Denio, Nevada
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Sportswear company Nike, Inc., headquartered in Beaverton, is the state's largest public corporation with an annual revenue of $30.6 billion. Technology is another one of Oregon's major economic forces, beginning in the 1970s with the establishment of the Silicon Forest and the expansion of Tektronix and Intel. Oregon is also the top lumber producer of the contiguous United States, with the lumber industry dominating the state's economy during the 20th century. īecause of its diverse landscapes and waterways, Oregon's economy is largely powered by various forms of agriculture, fishing, and hydroelectric power. The state is also home to the single largest organism in the world, Armillaria ostoyae, a fungus that runs beneath 2,200 acres (8.9 km 2) of the Malheur National Forest. Oregon's only national park, Crater Lake National Park, comprises the caldera surrounding Crater Lake, the deepest lake in the United States. At 11,249 feet (3,429 m), Mount Hood, a stratovolcano, is the state's highest point. Oregon is one of the most geographically diverse states in the U.S., marked by volcanoes, abundant bodies of water, dense evergreen and mixed forests, as well as high deserts and semi-arid shrublands. The Portland metropolitan area, which also includes the city of Vancouver, Washington, to the north, ranks the 25th largest metro area in the nation, with a population of 2,453,168. Portland, with 647,805, ranks as the 26th among U.S. The capital, Salem, is the second-most populous city in Oregon, with 169,798 residents. Today, with 4 million people over 98,000 square miles (250,000 km 2), Oregon is the ninth largest and 27th most populous U.S. In 1843, an autonomous government was formed in the Oregon Country, and the Oregon Territory was created in 1848. Nehalem tales recount strangers and the discovery of items like chunks of beeswax and a lidded silver vase, likely connected to the 1707 wreck of the San Francisco Xavier. Spanish ships – 250 in as many years – would typically not land before reaching Cape Mendocino in California, but some landed or wrecked in what is now Oregon. In 1592, Juan de Fuca undertook detailed mapping and studies of ocean currents in the Pacific Northwest, including the Oregon coast as well as the strait now bearing his name. As early as 1565, the Spanish began sending vessels northeast from the Philippines, riding the Kuroshio Current in a sweeping circular route across the northern part of the Pacific. The first European traders, explorers, and settlers began exploring what is now Oregon's Pacific coast in the early-mid 16th century.
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Oregon has been home to many indigenous nations for thousands of years. The 42° north parallel delineates the southern boundary with California and Nevada. The Columbia River delineates much of Oregon's northern boundary with Washington, while the Snake River delineates much of its eastern boundary with Idaho. Oregon ( / ˈ ɒr( ɪ) ɡ ən/ ( listen)) is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the Western United States.